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Battle of Changhsing
The Battle of Changhsing (26 November 1895), popularly known in Taiwan as the Battle of the Burning Village () was the last set-piece battle during the Japanese invasion of Taiwan. It was fought by Hakka militia and armed civilians against the invading Imperial Japanese Army in Changhsing village (). The battle earned its name from the fact that the entire village was burnt to the ground by the Japanese during their attempts to capture it from the Formosans.〔阿豪牿 (台民抗日保台最後一戰！火燒客家庄之役！ )〕
== Background ==
After the signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki and the establishment of the Republic of Formosa, Chiu Feng-yang (邱鳳揚), a Hakka leader from Pingtung, called upon his supporters to form the so-called Liutui Hakka militias (). The militias were organized into six units, according to the villages where they were recruited, hence the name Liutui (). The militias first engaged the Japanese at Chiatung, and were defeated due to their poor training and weaponry.
By the time the militia regrouped further to the south, the Republic of Formosa had collapsed in the wake of President Liu Yung-fu's flight to mainland China on 20 October 1895 and the capitulation of Tainan to the Japanese on 21 October. Seeing no hope of matching the Japanese in a fight in the open around Tainan, Chiu ordered a retreat to Changhsing village, Pingtung, where he planned to make a last stand.
Chiu's forces fought alone against the Japanese. The Hakkas of the southern plains had long been at feud with the Pepohoans (the Taiwanese aborigines who had originally owned the land on which Chinese immigrants had settled), and the Pepohoans stood aloof from the struggle. Indeed, they actively favoured the Japanese.〔Davidson, 366–7〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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